Pollution And Fishing Threats To Marbled Murrelets

Marine factors that have been identified as potential threats to murrelets include overfishing pollution unattended fishing gear human population growth and associated disturbance and more recently climate change. Carter and katherine j. The threats to marbled murrelets vary depending on each location but overall populations have been declining.

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Mortality of marbled murrelets due to oil pollution in north america 303k harry r.

Pollution and fishing threats to marbled murrelets.

Marbled murrelets were assessed as threatened in canada by cosewic in 1990 and this status was confirmed. Recent reviews have concluded that the risk of predation is currently a larger threat then previously considered. Pollution and fishing threats to marbled murrelets 93k d. Marbled murrelets nest in trees along the coast and the forage and winter off the coast of northern america.

Small schooling fish such as pacific anchovy pacific herring candlefish and pacific sand lance make up most of the diet which may include small crustaceans when fish are not abundant. 261 mortality of marbled murrelets due to oil pollution in north america harry r. Pollution and fishing threats to marbled murrelets d. 257 pollution and fishing threats to marbled murrelets d.

Threats include loss of habitat predation gill net fishing operations oil spills marine pollution and disease. Mortality of marbled murrelets due to oil pollution in north america harry r. Michael fry chapter 26. Carter and katherine j.

Marbled murrelet is estimated to be about 357 900 birds with an estimated 99 100 birds currently in canada 28. Marbled murrelets appear to establish long term pair bonds and fidelity to nesting areas and nest trees. Michael fry chapter 26. In the summer the murrelets feed in bays inlets fjords and open ocean between 5 50 meters from the coast.

The decline has been attributed to a number of factors including reduction and fragmentation of old growth forests. Mortality of marbled murrelets brachyramphus marmoratus due to oil pollution is one of the major threats to. Usda forest service gen. The principal pollutant threats to marbled murrelets are chlorinated organic effluent discharges.